Cooling apparatus



ApriiZS, 192, A. B. MODINE 1,709,863

COOLING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 25; 1925 T 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 F i; .i

415%955a5; QfnveniW J Q XW April 23, 1929- 4 A. B MODINE 1,709,863

co omue APPARATUS Filed Sept. 25, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet "2 Patented Apr. 23, 1 929 v. .10 1 PATENT" OFFICE.

ARTHUR B. 'MODINE, OF RACINE, .WISCONSIN.

COOLING APPARATUS.

v Application filed September 25, 1925. Serial-No. 58,544.

My invention relates to cooling apparatus and particularly to cooling apparatus for internal combustion engines and the like. The invention has among its other objects the production of apparatus of tlie klIIddGSCIIbGd which is simple, convenient, compact, durable, reliable, efficient and satisfactory for use wherever found applicable. A particular object of the invention is toprovide apparatus of the kind described wherein the cooling medium will be maintained at substantially a. constant temperature when the apparatus is in use. Many other objects and advantages of the construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein given.

To'this end my'invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and comb1- nation of parts herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

r the engine at a working temperature.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts: v

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through the hood of an automobile and illustrates one form of my invention in connection with an internal combustion engine positioned within the hood; v v

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1; I

r Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken in the same manner as Fig. 1 illustrating. another form of the invention; and

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 44 of Fig. 3. v a h While I prefer. to disclose my invention 1n connection with an internal combustion engine forming part of an automobile, it willbecome apparent as this descript on progresses that I am not limited to this particular use ofthe improved apparatus. The invention may be embodied in apparatus for cooling compressors or the like and various other devices.- Therefore, I am limited to the illustrated use only in so far as defined in the appended claims.

Referring for the present to Figs. 1 and 2, the reference character 10 designates an internal combustion engine disposed within the usual hood 11 of an automobile. The internal combustion engine 10 comprises a water jacket 12 through which a cooling medium may be passed to keep the cylindelgs (if erably disposed above the engine 10'is a re- 'ceptacle 13 which-may be of any suitable size and shape. The receptacle 13 is connected by a pipe 15 to the intake of a suitable pump 16 which is driven in the usual manner by the engine 10. The outlet of the pump 16 is connected by a pipe 18 to the Water jacket 12, the water jacket 12 being connected by a pipe 20 to the receptacle 13. Obviously, when the pump 16 is in operation any cooling fluid disposed in'the' system will circulate from the receptacle 13 through the pipe 15, the pump 16, the pipe 18, the Water acket 12 and back through the pipe 20 to the receptacle 13. The level of the cooling fluid in the'receptacle 13 is preferably maintained" at a height indicated by the dotted line 21. For this reason I provide the receptacle 13 with a filling spout 22 so positioned that. the receptacle cannot be filled above the-line 21. The filling spout 22is normally sealed by a cap 23. Communicating with the portion of the receptacle 13 above the line 21 are a plurality of tubes 25 and 26,the.tube 25connecting the receptacle with a header 27 and the tube 26 con-v In this instance j a plurality of tubes 31 connecting the headers 27 and 28. I

If water is employed as the cooling medium,

'it is readily understoodthat the water will circulate in the-manner above described and that no appreciable amount of itwill enter the condenser 30. Also as the 'water does not pass through a condenser or a radiator,

it is obvious that the temperature thereof will quickly rise to the boiling point which is the temperature at' which I prefer to operate the intcrnal combustion engine 10. As the water continues to boil, the steam generated therefrom flows through the tubes 25 and 26 intothe condenser 30, wherein it is subjected to the cooling effect of air flowing past the tubes 31. The steam then condenses and gravitates through the tubes 25 and 26 to the receptacle13.

To maintain the draft through the hood 11, I preferably provide an opening 34 in the front wall thereof through which a fan 25 may draw air to'be discharged through vents 36 provided in the upper wall of the hood.

A fan 35 may be driven by the internal com- As bustion engine inthe usual manner. shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the air discharged through the vents 36 must pass through and provided in the opening 34 to protect thefan 35. In cold weather the opening 34 may be closed or partially closed in the usual manner to prevent excessive cooling of the cooling medium. However, in any weather the apparatus will function at a substantially constant temperature and so insure suflici'ent operation of'the internal combustion engine 10. To prevent injury to the apparatus in the event an excessive amount of steam is generatedtherein, I preferably provide a safety valve 40 upon the header 27 which will automatically relieve the pressure in the steam when it rises above a predetermined point. A second filling spout 41 may be pro: vided upon the tank 28, as a filling spout so positioned is more assessible than the filling spout 22. When; the cooling fluid is intro,-

duced into the receptacle 13 from the fillingspout-41, the cap 23 is preferably removed from the filling spout 22 so that the cooling fluid will be maintained at the predetermined level indicated by the dotted line 21. The

usual cap 42 may be provided for the filling spout'41. l

A feature of this invention is that the condenser-30 will be drained of allfluids when the automobile is not in use or'when the engine is not running. This insures that the relativel expensive condenser will not be injured I uring cold weather;

4 In Figs. 3 and 4 I have illustrated another form ofthe invention wherein apparatus is provided for controlling thetemperature of an internal combustion engine 45, the engine being disposed withinahood 46 of an automobile. The engine comprises a water 'acket 47, the upper end of which is closed y' a hood or housing 48. Communicating with the interior of the housing 48 and with the water jacket 47 is-a U-shaped pipe 49.-

As shown, the hood or housing 48 comp'rises a top'wall 50 which slopes downwardly to ward the front end of the housing. Secured.

in the rear wall 51 of the housing 48 is one end of a conduit 52, the other end of which communicates with a header54 forming part of a radiator or condenser 55, the condenser 55 also comprising a header 56 and'a plurality of tubes 57 which communicate with I the headers 54 and 56. Communicating with too the header 56 is a conduit 59 which also communicates with the upper'leg of the u-shapyed ed in the member 61 to permit air to escape from the cooling system. A safety valve 64 ispreferably provided so that any excessive pressure in the steam will be immediately relieved. I The upper wall of the hood' 46 may be provided with a plurality of vents the hood by means of the usual fan 67.

In practice, the water jacket 47 and the housing 48 are preferably filled with water to a level indicated by the dotted line 69."

ine is operated the heat there= from causes Elie water to boil and the gener-- water will be cooler than the water in the housing 48, it will flow downwardly through the pipe 49 and directly into the water jacket 47.

It will be noted the invention, I have not provided a pump or any other .means for producing a forced circulation through the coolinglsystem. It

that in the latter form of i 65 to permit a draft to be maintained through will also be noted thatthe condenser 55 will I always be drained of liquid when the automobile is not in use. ter. formof theinvention, as well as in the first described form thereof, the engine may be -readily maintained at a temperature corresponding to the boiling point'of the liquid employed in the cooling system.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modifica-.

tions may bemade thesame without de- Obviously, in the latparting from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as lim iting myself to the exact form, construction,

arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described or uses mentioned.

What I claim as new and desire tosecure by-Lctters Patent is:

1. Cooling apparatus of the kind described comprising a water jacket associated with the device to be cooled, a chamber positioned above the level of the liquid in said jacket and communicating with said jacket, said chamber being positioned directly above said water jacket}, a condenser normally closed to the atmosphere'and positioned above the level of the liquid in said chamber, saidcondenser lying in a plane slightly inclined to the horizontal and being adapted to receive vapors fromsaidchamber, meansfor returning condensatefrom said condenser to the liquid in said cooling apparatus and means for preventing the filling of said apparatus with liquid above said chamber. I

' 2. Cooling apparatus of the kind described comprising a water jacket associated with the device to be cpoled, a chamber positioned above the level of the liquid in said jacket andcommunicating with said jacket, said chamber being positioned directly above lying in a plane slightly inclined to the horisaid water jacket, means including a pump for withdrawing liquid from said chamber and discharging it into the lower end of said jacket, a condenser normally closed to the atmosphere and positioned above the level of the liquid in saidchamber, said condenser zontal and being adapted to receive vapors from said chamber, and means for returning condensate from said condenser to the liquid in said cooling appartus and means for preventing the filling of said apparatus with liquid above said chamber.

3. Cooling apparatus of the kind described comprising a water acket associated withthe device to be cooled, a chamber positioned above the level of the liquid in said jacket and communicating with said jacket, said chamber being positioned directly above saidwater j acket,'a condenser normally, closed to the atmosphere and positioned above the level of the liquid in said chamber, said condenser lying in a planeslightly'inclined to the horizontal and being adapted to receive vapors from said chamber, means for returning condensate from said condenser tothe liquid in said cooling apparatus, and means foripermitting the escape of vapor therefrom when the pressure within said apparatus exceeds .a predetermined value.

4. In an automobile having a hood; an intern combustion engine in said hood, said engine'having a water-jacket, a chamber disposed above said engine and communicating directly with said jacket, said chamber being positioned directly above the water jacket, means wherebydiquid withdrawn from said chamber is discharged into the lower 'endof'said jatket, aicondenser disposed in said hood above. the engine and above said chamber, said condenser comprising tubular means disposed at arelatlvely small angle tot-he horizontal, and means oper-. I atively connecting the condenser with .said

chamber.

5. Cooling apparatus of the kind described comprising a water jacket associated withthe device to be cooled, a chamber positioned above the level of the liquid in said jacket and communicating directly with said jacket, said chamber being positioned directly above said water jacket, a filling tube communicating:

ceive vapors from said chamber, means forv returning condensate from said condenser to the liquid in said cooling app'aratus, and a second 'filling tube communicating directly with said conden'ser.

6'. Cooling apparatus of the kind described comprisinga water jacket associated with the device to be cooled, a chamber positioned a bove the level of the liquid in said jacket .and communicating directly with said jacket, said chamber "being positioned directly above said water jacket, a'tubular condenser normally closed to the atmosphere and positioned above the level of the liquid in said chamber, said condenser lying in a plane ing a header at each end thereof, means for conveying vapors from said chamber to one of said headers, and means for returning condensate from the'other of'said headers to the liquid in said cooling apparatus.

7. Cooling apparatus of the kind described above the level of the liquid in said jacket and communicating directly with said j ticket,-

said chamber being positioned directly above said water jacket, a tubular condenser normally closed to the atmosphere andpositioned above the lev,el of the liquid in said chamber, said condenser lying in a plane slightly inclined to the horizontal and having a header at each end thereof, means for conveying vapors from said chamber to one of-said headers, means for vreturning condensate from the other of said headers to the liquid in said cooling apparatus, and means for preventing the filling'of said apparatus with liquid above the level of said chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

' ARTHUR B. MCDINE.

slightly inclinedto the horizontal and hav- 

